Electric Vehicle Fundamentals: Powering the Future of Mobility

By Harshil Jain Categories: ECE, EE
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About Course

This course is a beginner-to-intermediate level introduction to the core principles of Electric Vehicles (EVs). You’ll explore the key components, design systems, battery technologies, powertrains, charging infrastructure, and environmental impact. The course combines theoretical understanding with practical applications and real-world case studies to help learners gain foundational knowledge of EVs, their architecture, and future innovations.

Ideal for engineering students, enthusiasts, or professionals looking to transition into the booming EV sector, this course provides the essential knowledge required to understand and work on EV technologies.

What Will You Learn?

  • Understand the fundamentals of EV systems and their components
  • Identify the types and technologies used in modern EVs
  • Learn about batteries, BMS, powertrain systems, and controllers
  • Analyze EV charging systems and infrastructure setups
  • Explore safety mechanisms and control systems
  • Evaluate the environmental and economic impact of EVs
  • Understand industry trends, future tech, and career opportunities

Course Content

Introduction to Electric Vehicles
This module sets the foundation for understanding the world of electric vehicles. Topics Covered: What is an Electric Vehicle (EV)? Definition, history, and evolution of EVs. Types of EVs: Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs), Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs), and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs). Why EVs? Comparison with internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. Environmental benefits, energy efficiency, and technological innovation. Global EV Landscape: Adoption trends, government policies, and market leaders.

  • Evolution of Electric Vehicles
  • Types of EVs
    00:00
  • Advantages and Limitations of EVs
    00:00

EV Architecture & Components
Understand how an EV is built and how its main parts interact. Topics Covered: EV System Architecture: Overview of mechanical and electrical subsystems. Major Components: Battery pack, motor, inverter, transmission, controller, charger, thermal management. Energy Flow in EVs: Power conversion from battery to wheel. Comparison with ICE vehicle components.

Batteries and Energy Storage Systems
Focuses on the heart of the EV—the battery. Topics Covered: Battery Types: Lithium-ion (Li-ion), Solid-state, Lead-acid, Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH). Battery Parameters: Energy density, power density, cycle life, SOC (State of Charge), SOH (State of Health). Battery Management System (BMS): Monitoring and safety, cell balancing, thermal regulation. Charging/Discharging Cycles and performance optimization.

Charging Infrastructure
Explains how EVs are charged and the infrastructure that supports it. Topics Covered: Types of Charging: AC vs. DC charging, Levels 1–3 chargers. Charging Standards: CCS, CHAdeMO, GB/T, Tesla Superchargers. Charging Stations: Public and home charging, smart charging, billing systems. Grid Impact & Smart Grid Integration: Load balancing, demand response, Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology.

Powertrain and Drivetrain Systems
Dive into how electric energy is converted into motion. Topics Covered: Electric Motors: BLDC, PMSM, Induction Motors – comparison and applications. Drivetrain Configurations: Single motor vs. dual motor, direct drive vs. geared systems. Transmission Systems in EVs: Simpler than ICEs, often single-speed. Regenerative Braking: How braking helps recharge the battery.

Control Systems and Safety in EVs
Explore how EVs are controlled and kept safe during operation. Topics Covered: Control Units: ECU (Electronic Control Unit), Motor Controller, BMS Controller. Drive-by-Wire Systems: Throttle, brake, and steering control through electronics. Safety Protocols: High voltage safety, thermal management, fire protection. Standards and Regulations: ISO 26262 (functional safety), crash standards, electromagnetic compliance.

Environmental and Economic Impact
Understand the broader implications of EV adoption. Topics Covered: Environmental Benefits: Reduction in greenhouse gases, pollution control. Lifecycle Analysis: Battery production impact, recyclability, carbon footprint. Economic Factors: EV vs. ICE cost comparison, TCO (Total Cost of Ownership), incentives, subsidies. Challenges: Raw material sourcing (lithium, cobalt), battery disposal, infrastructure costs.

Future Trends & Career Opportunities
A look ahead at what’s next in EV technology and how to build a career in it. Topics Covered: Emerging Technologies: Solid-state batteries, wireless charging, autonomous EVs, solar EVs. Trends: Fleet electrification, energy storage integration, shared mobility. EV Startups & Innovations: Tesla, Rivian, Ather, Ola Electric, and more. Career Paths: Roles in R&D, battery technology, control systems, manufacturing, EV infrastructure, software development. Skills & Tools: CAD, MATLAB/Simulink, embedded systems, power electronics.

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